WHAT’S IN A NAME?

By Revd. C. Ewing, USA

Part One of Four

“If thou canst believe, all things are possible to him that believeth.”

THAT the Anglo-Saxons are the latter day descendants of the House of Israel can be clearly demonstrated by a study of names. The word “Saxon” will be fully established in the following pages to mean “sons of Isaac.” Ancient Israel was known by dozens of different names by the nations about her even while she was in Palestine and after she went into captivity in the Land of Media and from there up into Scythia. A study of these names is the thrilling subject of this work. This is not an exhaustive study of the subject, but enough is presented here to establish from the science of etymology alone that the Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, Scandinavian and kindred people are the latter day descendants of ancient Israel.

Preface

This treatise is not presented as an exhaustive study of the names of all the Isaac-Israel nations. Space has compelled us to be brief, and to omit reference to some of our Israel cousins. I hope the reader will not take such omissions as a minimizing of the importance of the nations of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, The Netherlands, as members of the Israelite family.

All of these countries have filled and are filling very important roles in the fulfilment of prophecy and the development of the latter day company of nations, and the larger Israel nations are greatly indebted to them. Take for instance the part that little Celtic-Frisian-Israel nation of Holland has had in the development of America and in prophetic fulfilment.

In 1609,just two years after the settling of Jamestown, Virginia, by the British, and eleven years before the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, Massachusetts, anEnglishman named Henry Hudson, in the service of Holland, discovered what is now called the Hudson River, giving the Dutch a claim to all the country drained by the Delaware and Hudson Rivers. A fort was established near the site of Albany, N.Y., and trading huts put up on Manhattan Island. New York City was originally called New Amsterdam. The Dutch domains in North America were called New Netherland. However, we Americans are not the only ones indebted to the Dutch explorers.

Australia, originally called New Holland, was discovered by Dutch explorers, as also were New Zealand, Tasmania, Tonga, and the Fiji Islands. The Bible shows that Israel was to be a colonizing people, and the people of The Netherlands have certainly done their part in fulfilment of those prophecies.

Jeremiah 31:31-34 shows that Israel was to be the people of the New Covenant. Isaiah 43: 10-12 shows that Israel was to be God’s witnesses. The Netherlands have done more in foreign missionary work in the distribution of the Scriptures than any other nation of Europe outside of Britain and the Scandinavian countries which are practically detached from the continent. The first Dutch Reformed Church in America was established in 1628, in New Amsterdam, by Rev. Jonas Michaelius. The 1967 World Almanac states that according to U. N. estimates for 1965, seventy-eight per cent of the people of Holland belong either to the Protestant or Catholic Church. This is one of the highest percentages of church membership in the world.

Isaiah 58:16 gives the commission to Israel “to loose the bands of wickedness, to undo the heavy burden, and to let the oppressed go free, and that ye break every yoke,” To this end, The Netherlands have been a have of refuge to the Huguenots, Waldenses, Covenanters, Puritans, and other persecuted religious groups of Europe. It was in Holland where our Pilgrim Fathers sojourned for a time to escape religious persecution before finally coming to America. True to this prophecy, along with the United States and Britain, the Dutch also abolished slavery in their possessions around the world. This small nation has been a bulwark of defence for Protestants, even to withstanding of the armed might of the great Spanish Empire.

Israel in the last days was to be found in the isles and coastlands of the north and west. Outside of Britain and the Scandinavian countries which are practically separated from the rest of Europe, Holland has more islands than any other European country.

Israel in the last days was to possess the gates of her enemies. It is no mere accident that the mouths of the Rhine River are all in Dutch territory giving Holland possession of this gate to the whole of Western Germany clear down to Switzerland.The Meuse and Schelde Rivers which occupy almost the whole of Belgium and even extend into France also empty into the sea inside the Netherlands territory giving them the possession of the gates of these two rivers.

But for lack of space it could be shown how each of the other Isaac-Israel nations has had similarly important parts in the fulfilment of prophecy. But that has not been the objective of this treatise. We have merely attempted to show how Israel left her name behind, according to prophecy, when she went out of Palestine and was called by other names; but those names clearly identified her down through the centuries as the descendants of Isaac, Israel and Abraham.

The meaning of names is an important factor in the study of the Bible and also in the study of history. In this treatise we have attempted to show just that. If what has been written will stimulate the reader to further investigate the subject of the Isaac-Israel identity of the Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, Scandinavian and kindred people, this writer shall be most thankful.

What’s In A Name?

“A rose by any other name would smell as sweet.” No doubt. However there is something about a name, especially when associated with personality that makes it different. A name commands respect and reverence. It can either become identified with that which is honourable or that which is dishonourable and vile. It is difficult to live down a bad name. A man’s name is his most valuable possession. No one enjoys having his name ridiculed.

In the Bible, names have definite meanings and denote character, as the following shows. Aaron means “enlightened, illuminated, illumined.” Abel means “transitoriness.” Abigail means “source or cause of delight.” Abimelech means “father of a king.” Abram means “father of height or high father,” but this name was not suitable for the part that God had for this man to play in history so God changed his name to Abraham, which means “father of a multitude.” Sarai means “Jah is prince.” But this name was not suitable for the wife of Abraham so God changed her name to Sarah, which means “princess.”

Jacob means “following after, supplanter, usurper.” This name was not suitable for the father of the twelve tribes of Israel so God changed his name to Israel, “prince with God or ruling with God.”

God Himself is revealed in the Bible by various names, each name having a different and definite meaning and used in different relationships. The Scofield Bible, on page seven, states that Jehovah is the distinctive name of Deity in covenant relationship with Israel, and gives seven compound Jehovah names which reveal His redemptive relation to man, meeting every need from his lost state to his final and complete redemption.

1. Jehovah-jireh,“the Lord will provide” (Genesis 22:13, 14).
2. Jehovah-rapha, “the Lord that healeth”, (Exodus 15:26).
3. Jehovah-nissi, “the Lord our banner” (Exodus 17:8-15).
4. Jehovah-shalom, “the Lord our peace or the Lord send peace” (Jude 6:24).
5. Jehovah-raah, “the Lord my shepherd” (Psalm 23:1).
6. Jehovah-tsidkenu, “the Lord our righteousness” (Jeremiah 23:6).
7. Jehovah-shammah, “the Lord is present” (Ezekiel 48:35).

The Companion Bible, in Appendix Number Four, gives three more compound Jehovah names which should be added to the ones listed above.

1. Jehovah-meKaddish-kem, “the Lord that doth sanctify you” (Exodus 31:13; Leviticus 20:8; 21:8; 22:32; Exodus 20:12).
2. Jehovah-zeBaoth, “the Lord of hosts” (I Samuel 1:3 and frequently).
3. Jehovah-elyon, “the most high” (Psalm 7:17; 47:2; 97:9).

It is not the purpose of this writer to enter into a discussion of all the different names of Deity, but the reader could benefit greatly by making a study of the different names of God, their meaning and usage, and see how God by His very name is pledged to meet every need of His people.

God has a profound respect for His name. Leviticus 19:12,

“And ye shall not swear by my name falsely, neither shalt thou profane the name of thy God: I am the Lord.”

To profane means to pollute or make common. Exodus 20:7,

“Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.”

This verse is both a commandment and a prophecy. Israel was commanded not to pollute or profane the name of the Lord in vulgar speech or by swearing by it falsely. But there is a much deeper meaning to this prohibition that has not been realized by most Bible students. This second meaning forms the foundation for this study in “What’s In A Name?”

God’s Name Given To Jacob

God honoured Jacob as few men have ever been honoured. The Hebrew word for God is “El, Elah, Elohim,” and this is the name that was bestowed upon Jacob when his name was changed to Israel which means “ruling with God.”

“And he said, Thy name shall be no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed” (Genesis 32:28).

By divine purpose and design this name was passed on to Jacob’s children. They were called the Tribes of Israel, he Children of Israel, the House of Israel, Israelites, and Israel. It was God’s intention that Israel should rule with Him. To that end He gave them His name. In Deuteronomy 7, the Lord told Israel to destroy the nations of Canaan as a part of the commission He had given them to rule with God.

Israel became the Lord’s bride at Mt.Sinai and entered into a relationship with Jehovah that no other nation before or since has enjoyed. As a bride takes her husband’s name at the marriage ceremony, even so God’s name was bestowed upon the nation of Israel. Jeremiah 31:32 speaks of

“the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the Lord.”

At the time of the giving of the covenant at Mt. Sinai the nation of Israel became the Lord’s bride, entered into a bridal relationship, and took on His name in a very peculiar way.

But Israel took God’s name in vain. She took His name in vain in sinful and profane speech. However, she also took His name in vain by bearing it without properly ruling with God. Israel failed to subdue the heathen nations about her. She was called by God’s name but did not live up to her calling. The Lord had said, “Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.” This was not only a commandment, a prohibition, but it was also a prophetic warning; a warning that if Israel bore His name in vain, if they failed in ruling with God He would remove His name from them.

God commissioned Israel and gave her authority to subdue and destroy the heathen, and rule with God. He also warned her that He would not let her take His name in vain. The substance of Exodus 20:7 is: “If you do not live up to the name that I give you, I will remove it from you, for thou shalt not take my name in vain.”

Israel failed God. She profaned and polluted His holy name, and refused to rule with Him. After long forbearance and great patience, God told Israel He was going to remove His name from her and that she would be called by another name.

“And thou shalt be called by a new name which the mouth of the Lord shall name” (Isaiah 62:2).

“And ye shall leave your name for a curse unto my chosen: for the Lord shall slay thee, and call his servants by another name” (Isaiah 65:15).

“Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered; and it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people, there it shall be said unto them, Ye are the sons of the living God.” (Hosea 1:10).

Could anything be plainer than these verses? God here declares to Israel that she is no longer going to be permitted to be called Israel. She is no longer to bear His name in vain. Notice the words,

“Ye shall leave your name for a curse unto my chosen: for the Lord God shall slay thee, and call his servants by another name.”

Isaiah here speaks about God’s chosen, and God’s servants. To whom is he referring? In chapter 41:8 Isaiah said,

“But thou, Israel, art my servant, Jacob whom I have chosen.”

Verse 9, “Thou art my servant: I have chosen thee.”

Isaiah. 43:10, “Ye are my witnesses, saith the Lord, and my servant whom I have chosen.”

Isaiah 44:1,2, “Yet now hear, O Jacob my servant; and Israel, whom I have chosen: Thus saith the Lord that made thee from the womb, which will help thee; Fear not, O Jacob, my servant; and thou, Jesurun, whom I have chosen.”

Jesurun is an endearing term applied only to Israel which means “the darling upright.”

Isaiah 44:21, “Remember these, O Jacob and Israel: for thou art my servant: I have formed thee; thou art my servant.”

The words “servant” and “chosen” were favourite words that the Lord used in the prophecies of Isaiah in referring to Israel.When He says there is to be “a curse unto my chosen,” he is referring to Israel. A curse was to come upon Israel. A curse is a penalty or punishment applied for sin. Now what was the curse or punishment to be inflicted upon Israel?

“Ye shall leave your name for a penalty, a punishment, a curse unto my chosen.”

The Lord is here serving notice to the House of Israel that He is going to drive them out of the land, and when they go they will not take their name with them. They will leave the name of Israel behind, and the Lord shall “call his servants (Israel) by another name.”

“They shall no more be remembered by their name” (Hosea 2:17).

“Thou shalt be called by a new name which the mouth of the Lord shall name” (Isaiah 62:2).

This is exactly what happened. When Israel left Palestine and went into Assyrian captivity they left the name of Israel behind and became known by a new name. The Lord Himself had already chosen the name Israel would bear when she left her first name behind.

Isaiah 62:2 states that the new name Israel would be called by would be a name that God Himself would choose. Hundreds of years before this, God had foreseen that Israel would take His name in vain and He would have to bring a punishment, penalty, and curse upon her and remove His name because of her sins. When the Lord put her away and gave her a bill of divorce (Jeremiah 3:8), thus severing the marriage relationship, He also made her take on a different name. He had stated in Genesis 21:12 what that new name would be. God told Abraham that his seed would be called by the name of Isaac.

“In Isaac shall thy seed be called.”

This is repeated in Romans 9:7 and Hebrews 11:18.

In Genesis 48:16 when Jacob was blessing the sons of Joseph, he said, “Let my name be named on them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac.”

They bore Israel’s name for the next thousand years. Israel’s descendants have always been known as the “seed of Abraham.” But they still had to be called by a third name, a name that the Lord had chosen, the name of Isaac.

In bringing about the change of name, the Lord Himself began to call Israel by the name of Isaac in Amos 7:9, “And the high places of Isaac shall be desolate, And the sanctuaries of Israel shall be laid waste.”

Verse 16, “Now therefore hear thou the word of the Lord: Thou sayest, Prophesy not against Israel, and drop not thy word against the house of Isaac.” More than 40 years before any of the House of Israel went into Assyrian captivity the Lord Himself begins to call them by the name of Isaac. Thus the new name was established by God Himself even as He had stated through His prophet Isaiah.

Israel was the Biblical name for the descendants of Jacob. However, a very important fact of history is that the nations around Israel called them by other names. As Germany is called “Germany” by the Americans and British; and L’AIlemagne by the French; and Deutschland by the Germans themselves; even so Israel was known by different names even before going into captivity. This is a point that must be kept in mind. Other nations called Israel “the House of Isaac.” Still other nations called them “the House of Omri.” As Israel left Palestine, she also left the name “Israel” behind as the Lord said she would.

King Omri was the king who originated law making. He set aside the statutes of Moses and in their place established his own statutes. What the great lawmakers were to Greece; what Charlemagne was to Europe; what Henry VIII and Elizabeth were to Britain – Omri was to Israel. Therefore the people who kept his laws were called by his name. Omri also built the city of Samaria and his name became identified with the kingdom that had its capital in the city of Samaria. So the Assyrians called the Israelites “Beth Omri,” which means “House of Omri.” Other nations also used this name which had many forms or variations – Beth Omri, Beth Khumree, Bit Omri, Bit Cumria, Bit Humria, Kumri, Humri, Cimri, Gimmiri, Kimmerians, Cimmerians, etc., etc. These are all variants of the name “Beth Omri” and all refer to the same people -the House of Omri – the Israelites. The Cymri or Kymri of Wales are of this same stock, and this is the origin of their name.

Israel was a divinely given spiritual name: Isaac was a divinely given family name; and Omri was a dynastic or national name. When Israel went into captivity they left the name of Israel behind and became known as Isaac and Omri.

The Beth Omri or the House of Israel were taken into Assyrian Captivity in the years 740 – 670 B.C. From this captivity they never returned. The Jewish historian Flavius Josephus tells us in his Antiquities of the Jews Book XI, Chap. V.Par. 2:

“But then the entire body of the people of Israel remained in that country; wherefore there are but two tribes in Asia and Europe subject to the Romans, while the ten tribes are beyond the Euphrates till now, and are an immense multitude, and not to be estimated by numbers.”

In the same paragraph Josephus tells us that it was Media where these ten tribes were located during the time of Esdras.

The Book of Esdras tells us they did not remain in Media. II Esdras 13:40-45,

“Those are the ten tribes which were carried away prisoners out of their own land in the time of Osea the king, whom Salmanasar the king of Assyria led away captive, and he carried them over the waters and so came they into another land. But they took this counsel among themselves, that they would leave the multitude of the heathen, and go forth into a further country, where never mankind dwelt, That they might there keep their statutes, which they never kept in their own land. And they entered into Euphrates by the narrow passages of the river. For the most High then showed signs for them, and held still the flood, till they were passed over. For through that country there was a great way to go, namely, of a year and a half: and the same region is Arsareth.”

Arsareth is located in Eastern Europe around the northwest shores of the Black Sea, a part of the land of Skythia. There is still a river n Roumania by the name of Sereth. Herodotus, called the Father of History, tells us in his Fourth Book that the Skythians once lived in Asia south of the Araxes River which would put them in the Land of Media where the House of Israel was taken captivity by the Assyrians.

“It is that the wandering Scythians once dwelt in Asia, and there warred with the Massagetae, but with ill success; they therefore quitted their homes, crossed the Araxes, and entered the land of Cimmeria. For the land which is now inhabited by the Scythians was formerly the country of Cimmerians.”

This introduces us to the Scythians, or Skythians.

Part Two of Four

Who Were The Skythians?

Herodotus tells us that the Persians called all Scythians by the name of Sacae. Sacae is but a variant of the name Saka, which is a variant of Isaac. Near the village of Behistun, in Persia, is a precipitous rock 1,700 feet high. On the face of this rock is a cuneiform inscription by Darius the Great telling about the provinces under his rule. The inscription is in three languages: the Persian, the Susian (or Median), and the Babylonian, and it shows that the Scythians and Cimmerians were the same people.

One of the provinces under Darius was made up of the House of Israel and was called Scythia (or Saka) in the Persian language. In the Susian language it was called Scythia (or Sakka). In the Babylonian language it was called Gimiri, or Land of the Cimmerians.

The people whom the Babylonians called Gimiri were called Bit Humri, or Humria by the Assyrians. The Bit Humri were the Beth Omri, or House of Omri, the Israelites.

An inscription by Tiglath-Pileser III, King of Assyria, says: ‘ … on the border of Bit Humria (which is Omri.) … the wide land of Naphtali in its entirety I
brought within the border of Assyria.’

Again, ‘The land of Bit Humria, all of its people I carried off to Assyria.’

Notice how Tiglath-Pileser identifies the Bit Humria with the land of Naphtali. Of course Naphtali was one of the northern tribes of the House of Israel. This firmly establishes our contention that the Assyrians called the House of Israel the ‘Bit Humria,’ which means ‘House of Omri.’

The Behistun Rock shows that these people whom Tiglath-Pileser III called Bit Humria were called Gimiri or Land of the Cimmerians by the Babylonians. The Behistun Rock also shows that the Persians and Susians called the Gimiri by the name of Scythians or Saka. And Herodotus says the Persians called the Scythians by the name of Sacae. So the Saka, Sakka, Sacae, Scythians, Skythians, Gimiri, Cimmerians, Bit Humria, Beth Omri were all the same people – the House of Isaac, or the Israelites.

Isaiah 62:2 said the Lord Himself would choose the new name of the House of Israel and other scriptures show that Isaac was to be that name. So the names of Omri, Bit Humria, Gimiri, Cimmerians were destined to fade away and give place to the name of Isaac which would remain. In the Land of Skythia, Israel was divided into many different sections and called by many different names, but one important branch of the Skythians was the Sakai, called Sacae by the Latins.This is but a variant of the word Isaac. History is full of records of an ancient people known by the different nations as:

Beth Sak, Beth Sakai, Saac-Sunnia, Saac-Suna, Saac-Sena, Saacpena, Esakska, Sacae-Amryqui, Sunnia-Sakai, Sakai Suna, Saca-Suna, Sacae-Sunnae, Sacksina, Sacka-Sunia, Saca-Cine, Saka-Suna, SacasSani, Sakas-Saeni, Saxi-Suna, Sach-Suni, Sachi, Sacha, Sakah, Saschus, Saacus, Sacho, Sach-Sen, Sack-sen, Saxae, Saxo, Saxoi, Saxonia, Saxones, Saxone, Saxony, Saxon.

Here are 36 different variants for the same name: 36 variants for the same people; 36 variants for the Sons of Isaac. That this is the literal meaning of the word Saxon there can be no doubt. To the above variants could be added more but why bother? Certainly this number ought to be sufficient to any open mind.

Who Are The Saxons?

The Anglo-Saxons are the Sons of Isaac. The Phoenicians called the House of Israel the ‘Beth Sak’, which means ‘House of Isaac.’ The “I” is dropped from Isaac and the word is pronounced ‘Saac’ just as Constantinople’s present name of Istanbul is also called ‘Stambul’ and ‘Stambole.’

The Israelites were also called Saac-Suna which means Sons of Isaac. Saac-Sunnia is merely another variant of Sons of Isaac. In most eastern languages the word sunnia means sons of.

Sunnia is the equivalent of the Scottish Mac or the English and Irish Fitz. MacDonald means Son of Donald, and Fitzgerald means Son of Gerald.

The New American Encyclopaedia Dictionary shows that our word son was formerly spelled ‘sone, sonne, sune.’ Then it gives the word as it is found in other languages: Anglo-Saxon-Sunu; Dutch-Zoon; Icelandic-Som, Sum; Danish-son; Swedish-son; Old High German-sunu; Gothic-sunus; German-sohn; Lithuanian-sunus; Russian-suin; Sanscrit-sunu, which comes from su meaning ‘to beget, to bear.’

There can be no doubt that the word Saac-Suna means ‘Sons of Isaac.’ During World War II, the Battalion Headquarters to which I was assigned was stationed for a few days in a factory building in Menningen, Germany. I found a large map on the wall of this factory, and in looking for the district of Saxony in Germany, I found it under the name of Sachsen. Dictionaries also confirm that the German word for Saxon is Sachsen. What does Sachsen mean? It means exactly as it sounds (Saksen, or Isaac-son.)

That the Saxons are descendants of the Sacae is a matter of history. They came from the Land of Scythia, migrated across Europe, and the greater portion of them settled in the British Isles before coming to America, but Saxons also remained in Germany, leaving their name in that district known as Saxony, but which the Germans called ‘Sachsen.’

The historian Albinus wrote,

‘The Saxons were descended from the ancient Sacae from Asia, and in the process of time they came to be called Saxons.’

The famous Ptolemy called the Sacae by the name of Saxones. Sharon Turner the great Saxon historian says,

‘The Saxons were a Scythian nation, and were called Saca, Sacki, Sachsen.’

All historians trace the Anglo-Saxon people back to the Land of Scythia. But we have already shown that the Scythians were Israelites. Esdras says they left the region of the Araxes River in Media and went up into Arsareth, which is in Eastern Europe and was known in ancient times as the Land of Scythia. We have already referred to the River Sereth in Roumania.

While in Saverne, France, during the war, one of my buddies got to rummaging around in the bombed out ruins of a building and found a large French book, ‘Atlas
Classique,’ which, he ‘requisitioned’ and then gave to me. I prize this atlas of the ancient world as my most valuable war souvenir. This atlas has a map which shows a river in the very south-eastern tip of Poland called ‘Sereth River.’ It also has a map showing a city in northern Roumania named ‘Siret,’ and a river in Roumania named ‘Siret River.’

The New World Encyclopaedia, Vol.14,1960 Ed., in a section on Poland gives a map which shows a river running through the Ukraine named ‘Sereth.’ This is sufficient to establish that there is a region in Eastern Europe, which corresponds to the ancient Land of Scythia, where the name ‘Sereth’ is in common usage. Esdras says the House of Israel, the Beth Saac, settled in the land of Arsareth.

Pliny wrote, ‘The Sakai were among the most distinguished people of Scythia who settled in Armenia and were called Saca-Sani.’

The Greek historian Diodorus Siculus, of the time of Caesar, wrote, ‘The Scythians, formerly an inconsiderable few, possessed a narrow strip on the Araxes, but by degrees they became powerful in numbers and in courage.’ This again traces the Scythians back to the Araxes region, in the land of Media, the very place where the Assyrians settled the Beth Omri, the Saac-Suna, the House of Isaac, the Israelites.

Again referring to the French ‘Atlas Classique’ in the very centre page of the book is a map of ‘Russie, Pologne Et Pays Scandinaves,’ we find a river starting in ‘Armenie’ and flowing eastward to empty into the ‘Mer Caspienne’ (Caspian Sea.) This river forms the northern boundary of ‘Perse’ (Persia) and is called ‘Araxe.’ I have already shown that the Assyrians settled the Israelites in this very region south of the Araxes River.

Remember that the Persians used the terms Sacae and Scythia interchangeably. The name Scythian was also a synonym for Cimmerian which was a variant of Beth Omri.

Who Are The Scots?

The Scythians (Skythians) were also called ‘Scytha.’- This word also had its variants, one of which was ‘Skuth.’ Scuthia is another variant for Scythia. From the word ‘Skuth’ has derived the word ‘Scot.’ But the Scythians or Skuths were the Saca-Suna or Sons of Isaac.

The Oxford New English Dictionary, published in 1888, under the subject Scyth, has the following interesting statements: ‘1480.Caxton Descr.Scot. (1520) 1/1 Scottes ben called as it were scythes for they came out of Scicia… 1596 Spencer, State Irel. Wks. (Globe) 632/2.The Old English also which there remayneth have gotten up their cryes Scythian-like. …And herein lyeth open an other manifest proof that the Irish Be Scythes or Scotts. 1871 P.Smith, Anc. Hist.East. xxiii. 12 (1881) 473. The Sacae of Greek writers on Persian affairs are simply, Asiatic Scyths.’

Further proof that the Scots are Scythians and hence Israelites is found in the Scottish Declaration of Independence. This is a document which was drawn up in 1320 A.D., bearing the seal of the Scottish barons of Parliament, and containing an address to Pope John XXII about the antiquity and rights of the Scottish people.

This Declaration was published in the Scots Magazine, April 1934, pp. 16-18. A Portion of its translation reads:

” To the Most Holy Father in Christ, our Lord the Lord John by Divine Providence of the Holy Roman and Catholic Church Supreme Pontiff…We know, Most Holy Father and Lord, and from the chronicles and books of the ancients gather, that among other illustrious nations, ours, to wit the nation of the Scots, has been distinguished by many honours; which passing from the greater Scythia through the Mediterranean and sojourning in Spain among the most savage tribes through a long course of time, could nowhere be subjugated by any people however barbarous; and coming thence one thousand two hundred years after the outgoing of the people of Israel, they, by many victories and infinite toil, acquired for themselves the possessions in the West which they now hold after expelling the Britons and completely destroying the Picts, and, although very often assailed by the Norwegians, the Danes and the English, always kept themselves free from all servitude, as the historic of the ancients testify. In their kingdom one hundred and thirteen kings of their own royal stock, no stranger intervening, have reigned, whose nobility and merits, if they were not clear otherwise, yet shine out plainly enough from this that the King of kings even our Lord Jesus Christ, after His passion and resurrection, called them, though situated at the uttermost parts of the earth, almost the first to His most holy faith, nor would He have them confirmed in this faith by anyone less than His first Apostle, although in rank second or third, to wit, Andrew the most meek, the brother of St. Peter, whom He would have always preside over them as their Patron…’

There are several things to be said about this document. It is claimed by critics that the theory of the Anglo-Saxon people being the descendant of ancient Israel is but a new theory and was invented by the Anglo-Israel writers themselves. This document was written in 1320 A.D., six and a half centuries ago, and could not have been influenced by Anglo-Israel writers.

Furthermore this document shows that the Scots came to Scotland from the Land of Scythia. We have shown that the Scythians originated in Persia, below the Araxes River in the same area where the Assyrians settled the House of Israel. Special mention is made of the Scots arriving in Scotland in the twelve hundredth year of the Exodus of the Children of Israel from Egypt. If the Scots are not Israelites, why should they make mention of the Exodus from Egypt? This document also claims an unbroken line of kings from their own royal stock, which would be of the House of David, numbering one hundred thirteen at the time of the writing of the document. It also shows that the Scots became converts to Christianity at the time when the Apostles were still living.We have other evidence which confirms this statement.

These Scottish barons, no doubt, had information in their day that is not generally known today but which shows that the Scots are descendants of the ancient people of Israel.

From the foregoing and from evidence that we cannot take the space to include in this short treatise we unhesitatingly state that the Scots were ‘Skuths’ from the Land of Skythia where the Israelites migrated after they left the Araxes region.

Part Three of Four

Who Were The Goths?

The word “Goth” is just another name or alias for Israel. The Goths who crossed Europe and challenged and defeated the armies of Rome were in three sections: The Goths; the Visigoths, meaning “Western Goths;” and the Ostrogoths, meaning “Eastern Goths.”

My French “Atlas Classique” traces them back to the Land of Scythia.

Gibbon, in his “Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire,” says the Goths were Scythians. We have already shown that the Scythians were the Saka or Israel. So the Goths were just another section of Israel under another Alias.

Herbert Bruce Hannay, in his “European and Other Race Origins” shows how the word “Goth” derived from “Getai” which was metamorphosed into many variants such as “Guthai, Gutae, Gouthoi,Gotti, Gothi, Gothones, Guttones, Gethiuda,” etc.

The Goths were Skuths of the Land of Skuthia, or Skythia, who were the displaced Israelites.

The Danaoi Of Greece

Another Alias of Israel was Danaoi which also had its variants:

Daanan, Danan, Danonas, Danai, Danauna, Danaus, etc. The Danaoi of Greece fought the Trojan War. They fought the Battles of Thermopylae and Salamis against
Persia. They overthrew Xerxes, conquered Persia and established the Grecian Empire. The Apocrypha book I Maccabees 12: 19-23 shows that the Lacedemonians, who were the Spartans of Greece, were Israelites: “The Lacedemonians and Jews are brethren, and that they are of the stock of Abraham.” The Jewish historian Flavius Josephus quotes this same passage and enlarges upon it.

Centuries before Israel was taken into captivity the Tribe of Dan was already migrating. The land that was allotted to Dan in Palestine was not large enough for the tribe so the people of Dan became a seafaring and colonizing people. This is brought out in Joshua 19:47,

”And the coast of the children of Dan went out too little for them.”

That Dan took to the seas is further confirmed by Judges 5:17, “Why did Dan remain in ships?”

Even before the Exodus from Egypt the Zara line of Judah and the Danites began their colonizing adventures. Some of Dan migrated to Greece and the Maccabees and the Jews of Josephus’ time recognized the Greeks as brethren. A large Danite colony was established in Greece although they were not known by the name of Israel. They were known by the name of Dan.

It was prophesied in Gen. 49:16-17, “Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path.” As the serpent leaves his trail in the dust, even so Dan has left his mark all over Europe. Even in Palestine, Dan early established the custom of giving his name to cities and places, such as the city of Dan.

In ancient Hebrew there were no vowels as we know them in writing and Dan is just D’N. The English retains this same word except that vowels are inserted between the two consonants “d” and “n”. So in following the meandering serpentine trail of Dan we look for words containing the syllables dan, den, din, dun, or just dn. We find the mark of Dan on: Dardanelles, Don River, Dneiper River, Dneister River, Danube River, Danzig, Denmark (which actually means “The Land of Dan”), Danish (which means “Man of Dan”), Danes, Sweden, Dunkirk, Macedonia, Scandinavia, London, Edinburgh, Dundee, and of course, the Duns of Ireland.

Paul had a man from Macedonia calling to him, “Come over into Macedonia and help us.” But Paul did not take the Gospel to Macedonia. When he arrived he found it already there.

Certain Greeks had come to Philip asking him to take them to Jesus. (John 12:20-25) They had come to “worship at the feast.” Just why should Greeks come to keep a feast at Jerusalem? Simply because they were Israelites. They had the Old Scriptures and kept the feast and fasts of the law and were probably acquainted with the prophecies concerning the coming Messiah, and when the fame of Jesus reached them they determined when they went to Jerusalem for the feast they would see Jesus.

This was the first contact Jesus had with Israel in Europe and knowing what this contact meant for the Kingdom of God, He manifests a note of triumph. Let’s read it:

”And there were certain Greeks among them that came up to worship at the feast. The same came therefore to Philip, which was of Bethsaida of Galilee, and desired him, saying, Sir, we would see Jesus. Philip cometh and telleth Andrew: and again Andrew and Philip tell Jesus. And Jesus answered them, saying, The hour is come, that the son of man should be glorified.”

Jesus knew the significance of this contact with Israel in Europe.

These Greeks took the Gospel back to Greece, and when Paul arrived at Macedonia he found it already there. These Greeks were of the Danaoi.

Lycurgus of Sparta, after travelling to many countries to discover the best system of economics for Sparta, followed the system of the Scythians, and set aside gold and silver values, reducing all money values almost to zero. In so doing he removed the cause of strife – individual, domestic and international. Notice that he got his economic ideas from the Scythians who were Israelites.

Solon, Croesus and Aesop all established gold standards after the Babylonian system. Within ten years Solon’s Athens fell into confusion.

The kingdom of Croesus fell before the power of Cyrus who attacked him for his wealth. Aesop was slain because he disappointed the people of expected donations of wealth. But Sparta, true to the laws of Lycurgus, remained strong for five hundred years, and then fell when she readmitted the value of gold and silver and all that it stands for, and so became demoralized.

It was a branch of these Danaoi, under the name of Tuatha de Danaan, who took possession of the Ionian Isles and established the settlement of Ionia.

It was these same Tuatha de Danaan who settled Ireland, which explains why there are so many Duns in Ireland.

Who Were The Angles?

We have already established the Israel identity of the Saxons, but who were the Angles that united with the Saxons to form the Anglo-Saxon people?

Going back again to the Land of Scythia, we find a large section of Scythians who were known by the name of Massa-getae. We have already come across the name of Getae or Getai and have seen how the name of the Goths had derived from this word. The Massa-getae formed the main eastern branch of the Scythians. Massagetae means “Great Sak Horde,” and there is no doubt that the Massa-getae were of the House of Saac or Beth Saac. Herodotus traces the Massa-getae back to the region of the Araxes, Israel’s original land of captivity.

The Massa-getae migrated east and north-east of the Caspian Sea. They separated themselves from the rest of the Israel-Scythians at an early date and became a very powerful people, so much so that in 529 B.C. they defeated the armies of Cyrus.

As they grew in number their general name of Massagetae died out and they became known by two tribal names -Aeglae and Angae. These neighbouring people were very much alike in their habits and customs. They were known for their love of dyed garments similar to Joseph’s coat of many colours. They were skilled in archery, and wore an ox-like headdress. And it is no wonder for the name Aeglai, Aeglae, Eglae is almost identical with the Hebrew word Eglah which means “Heifer of the wild ox, ox-antelope or Unicorn,” which was the heraldic device of Ephraim. Forster in his book “One Primeval Language” says that the tribe of Ephraim found their way to the north-east of the Caspian Sea and settled there. This is the place where the Aeglae lived and there is no doubt that they were Ephraim.

The Angae or Angai lived adjacent to the Aeglae and were very similar in dress, customs and habits. Forster also states that the tribe of Manasseh also settled on the shores of the Caspian. The Aeglae were the Ephraimites and the Angae were the Manassehites. This is the position that is taken by L. G. A. Roberts in his “British History Traced from Egypt and Palestine” and also by Herbert Bruce Hannay in his “European and Other Race Origins.”

The Angae were divided into two branches, the Sar-Angae (North People) and Dar-Angae (South People). In Palestine the Manassehites were divided into two sections by the Jordan River. Not only were they divided by the Jordan River into east and west divisions, but those on the east of the Jordan were the North Manassehites and those on the west of Jordan were the South Manassehites. Their boundaries were not on the same parallels.

As the Angae and the Aeglae moved to the northwest across Europe, their names became blended into the joint name of Anglae or Englae.The Romans called them the Angli. In our history books the Angles are sometimes Engles.So the name of the Massa-getae (Mas-Sagetae) before migrating to Britain was Angles or Engles.

The last place the Angles dwelt in Europe before invading Britain was in Jutland where they lived adjacent to the Saxons thus permitting their languages to become blended into one – the Anglo-Saxons.

Next to the Anglo-Saxons another people settled known as the Normans. The Normans were Israelites of the Tribe of Benjamin who formerly lived in Asia Minor. Adam Rutherford in his ”Anglo-Saxon Israel,” Herbert Bruce Hannay in his “European and Other Race Origins,” Frederick Haberman in his “Tracing Our Ancestors,” and others show that the Goths of Europe made a raid into Asia, Galatia, Cappadocia and took the Christians of these regions who were of the Tribe of Benjamin back to Europe with them. These Benjamites became known as the Normans or Northmen.When the Normans finally crossed over into Britain in 1066 A.D. it completed the reuniting of the last tribe of the House of Israel with their brethren, for Benjamin was only loaned to Judah for a time that the Lord might use them as a light.

But getting back to the Anglo-Saxons.As this section of ancient Israel crossed over into Britain they established seven principal kingdoms known as the Heptarchy – the Land of the Seven Kingdoms.The Saxons settled Essex, Sussex, and Wessex. The Aeglae settled Northumbria, Deira, and Mercia. The Angae settled East Anglia. But again the Manassehites were divided in East Anglia – North and South just as they were in Palestine and also on the shores of the Caspian Sea. A good map of England will show that East Anglia is divided into two main sections, Norfolk and Suffolk, which means North Folk and South Folk. These seven became the English, all of them being Israelites under different sectional names.

Inasmuch as the Eglah, heifer of the wild ox, was Ephraim’s heraldic device during Israel’s encampment in the wilderness and in Palestine, it was only natural that the Ephraimites should call themselves the Aeglae when they left Palestine, and wear the headdress of a bull as we have already mentioned. It was also a natural development that the bull should become a part of the English heraldic device today, and that they should even be called John Bull.The appearance of the lion and unicorn on the British Coat of Arms was no mere happenstance.

Deuteronomy 33:17 says,

“His glory is like the firstling of his bullock, and his horns are like the horns of unicorns: with them he shall push the people together to the ends of the earth: and they are the ten thousands of Ephraim and the thousands of Manasseh.”

This is why the Eglah – the bullock – has become identified with Johnny Bull England.

It is also interesting that the Lion is also a part of Britain’s heraldic standard. “Judah is a lion’s whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?” The lion was the standard of Judah. It is altogether fitting that the present Monarch of Britain, who is a direct descendant of the House of David, which came from the Tribe of Judah, should have the lion on her Royal Coat of Arms. Neither is it a mere accident that Jesus Christ, who one day will have the Throne of David turned over to Him, is called in Revelation “The Lion of the tribe of Judah.”

What’s In A Name is the subject of this treatise. A study of the names of the people already mentioned in the foregoing pages shows that the destiny of the Race of Israel is involved in a name.

It is a very significant point made by Major General H.N. Sargent in his book “The Servant Nation” that that region in South-Eastern Europe known as the Crimea (Ukraine) in ancient times was called Taurica, and Tauric Scythia. This is the very region where Scythian Israel went to from the Araxes. The meaning of Taurica is “the land of the Bull,” and Tauric Scythia is “Bull Scythia.” I have just shown how the bull is a part of the English Heraldic Device and quoted from Deuteronomy 33:17 which, speaking of Joseph-Israel, says, “His glory is like the firstling of his bullock.”

Part Four of Four

Conclusion

“My People Which Are Called By My Name”

What’s In a Name? II Chronicles 7:14 says,

“If my people, which are called by my name, shall humble themselves and pray, and seek my face, and turn from their wicked ways; then will I hear from heaven, and will forgive their sin, and will heal their land.”

The Lord gave His people the name “Israel” which means “ruling with God”. But Israel failed to rule with God. They took His name in vain. As a curse or punishment, they left that name behind when they left the Land of Canaan. The Lord said they would be called by a new name. But they were also to be called by my name. The margin reads “upon whom my name is called.”

While Israel left the name of “EL” when they were driven out of Palestine, still they have been called by the name of God down through the centuries.

I have mentioned the Goths who were one of the great sections of Israel. Is it a mere happenstance that this great section of Israel were called “Goths?” The word for God in the Gothic language is “Guth;” in the Old German it is “Goth;” in the Teutonic it is “Goth” (The New American Encyclopaedic Dictionary).

We have seen how the Angles and Angae were another great section of Israel. Sargent in his book “The Servant Nation” points out that “An” is the name for God in the Norse language, and of course the Norse were Israelites. “My people which are called by my name.” The Anglo-Saxons are still “called by my name.”

It is a matter of fact that more than 90 per cent of all the Christians of the world are found in the Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, Scandinavian, Holland Dutch and kindred peoples, which are all Israelites. These nations are referred to as the “Christian Democratic nations.” Why are they the Christian people of the world, the people of the new covenant? “My people which are called by my name.” We are called by the name of Christ because we were to bear the Lord’s name.

In the Kingdom age ahead of us, we are still to be called by His name. Hosea 1:10 says,

“In the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people, there it shall be said unto them, Ye are the sons of the living God.”

“My people which are called by my name.” What’s In a Name?

The Word British

The word “British” is pure Hebrew.The Hebrew word for covenant is “beriyth, berith, b’rith.” The Hebrew word for man is “ish.” The word “British” literally means “Covenant Man.” God made a covenant with Abraham that his descendants would become God’s servant race which He would use to bless all families and nations of the earth. This covenant was renewed and amplified to Isaac, to Jacob. It was renewed to the House of Israel. And in Jeremiah 31 the Lord states that the House of Israel would become the people of the New Covenant. It is no mere accident that the Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, Scandinavian and kindred people account for more than 90 per cent of the Christians of the world. We are the people of the covenant. And so God designed that the name “British” should be one of the names used to help identify His people Israel.

Those who reject our Israel identity deny that the word “b’rith” means “covenant.” We need only to refer them to the Jewish organization “B’nai B’rith” which means “Sons of the Covenant.” Now if B’rith means “Covenant” when it is used with the word “B’nai,” just why does this Hebrew word not mean “Covenant” when used with the Hebrew word “Ish?” Our opponents can dodge and hedge and heckle all they please but they can never change the meaning of these two Hebrew words. British means “Covenant Man.” Every Britisher, whether in Britain, America, Australia, New Zealand, or elsewhere is under a covenant. He is a Covenant Man. The Lord said that Israel would “be called by a new name, which the mouth of the Lord shall name.” What’s In A Name?

America The Kingdom of Heaven

In 1607 the British settled Jamestown, Virginia. In 1609 the Dutch discovered the Hudson River and later settled New Amsterdam (New York). In 1620 the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock. From 1620 to 1650, some 30,000 colonists left England to settle in New England. From these first Virginia, New Amsterdam and New England colonists came the true American stock. By 1776 this number along with thousands of their relatives who followed them from England numbered two million, five hundred thousand.

Itis estimated that between 50 and 70 per cent of the American people today have descended from these colonists. Charles Edward Banks, in his work “The English Ancestry and Homes of the Pilgrim Fathers,” gives statistics showing that half the entire number of our Pilgrim Fathers came from the extreme eastern counties of England, particularly the County of Norfolk in East Anglia, which was settled by the Angai, who were the Manassehites. It is a historical fact that the East Anglian element also predominated among the thousands of colonists who followed the Pilgrims.

Samuel Eliot Morison of Harvard writes, “From East Anglia came the heaviest contingent for the planting of Massachusetts Bay.” While all tribes are found in America, still the Tribe of Manasseh predominates.

But what about the name of our great country? America actually means “Kingdom of heaven.” Professor Miskovsky, scientist in etymology of Oberlin College, has brought out some amazing facts about the word “Amaerica.” We were taught in history that this great land was named after the geographer Amerigo Vespucci. The Latin form of Amerigo is “Americus,” and the feminine form is “America.” The old Gothic form (the Goths were Israelites) for the word “America” was “Amel Ric.”

Amel Ric is still found in the German language in a slightly corrupted form as “Emerich.” Amel means “Heaven,” and Ric means “Kingdom.” Together the two words mean “Kingdom of Heaven.” Modern German gives it as “Himmelreich.”

Strong’s Hebrew and Chaldee Dictionary which appears in the back of his Exhaustive Concordance gives several words for kingdom among which is “Meluwkah.” Some years ago Youth Magazine, published in London, carried an article with two more variants of this Hebrew word: “Melukh,” and “Amelukah.” Professor Odlum stated that in every language, under certain circumstances, the letter “I” is interchangeable with the letter “R.” Applying this change, the Hebrew word “Meluwkah” pronounced “mel-oo-kaw,” becomes “Merukah,” and as given by Youth Magazine “Amelukah” becomes “Amerukah” which in the Latin form is ”America.” Thus the words “Kingdom of Heaven” are found in the words ”AmelRic, Himmelreich, Amelukah, Amerukah, America.”

As the word British means “Covenant Man,” and Britain means “Covenant Land,” and Saxon means “Son of Isaac,” and Scotsman means “Man of Skuth or Man of Skythia,” the word America also has its meaning: “Kingdom of Heaven.”

Too much is involved in all this to say it is mere accident. The Lord told Israel in Isaiah 62:2, “Thou shalt be called by a new name, which the mouth of the Lord shall name.” Surely God Himself has had a hand in all this.

In II Samuel 7:10 the Lord said:

“Moreover I will appoint a place for my people Israel, and will plant them, that they may dwell in a place of their own, and move no more; neither shall the children of wickedness afflict them anymore as beforetime.”

This is restated in I Chronicles 17:9.

When the Lord drove Israel out of the Land of Palestine because she took His name in vain, He made her leave the name of Israel behind as a curse or punishment. However, the Lord Himself saw to it that the names that were to be given to Israel would be such that would identify them as the Isaac Sons of yore. And when they came to this great North American continent, twenty million in Canada, two hundred million in the United States, the Lord again chose the name for this land. –”America,” the “Kingdom of Heaven.”

“This is the Lord’s doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes.”

May I close this treatise with a bit of irony? I have pointed out that Manasseh was divided into two sections in Palestine, the North and the South. Along the eastern shores of the Caspian Sea Manasseh was again divided, the Sar Angai and the Dar Angai (North Folk and South Folk). In East Anglia we find Manasseh again divided, Norfolk and Suffolk (North Folk and South Folk). Should we be surprised that when Manasseh finally settled in America they are still divided between the North and the South?

“Thou shalt be called by a new name, which the mouth of the lord shall name.”

Again, I say, “What’s In A Name?” The Lord said to Moses at Mt. Sinai,

“And they shall put my name upon the children of Israel; and I will bless them” (Numbers 6:27).

The Lord has marvellously kept His promise. His name has been upon us down through the centuries: IsraEL, GOTHS, AN-gai, AN-gles, ANglo-Saxons, CHRISTians, and the time is coming when we shall be called “The Sons of the Living GOD” (Hosea 1:10). Because of sin and failure to live up to the name God had given Israel (Ruling with God) this name was removed. The name of Isaac was put on her according to the prophecies. Still, God had made a promise to Moses which He must keep, and while the name of Israel was left behind in Palestine, and the name of Isaac became the most common name in its place, the Lord has kept his covenant with Moses and the Sons of Isaac have been called by the name of the Lord down through the centuries.